Bows are one type of weapon governed by the Marksman skill. Arrows are needed as ammunition for bows. Complete lists of bows and arrows, including enchanted and unique ones, are also available. Other marksman weapons are described at Crossbows and Bolts and Throwing Weapons.
Bows
A powerful but demanding weapon, the long bow is historically associated with Altmer aristocrats and Bosmer hunters. The less-powerful bonemold long bow of Morrowind is traditionally a noble's hunting weapon, but has been adopted for wider use by many outlander sportsmen and mercenaries. - Garothmuk gro-Muzgub
In the West, the wooden short bow is the standard weapon of Legionary missile troops and scouts. In Morrowind, however, wood is in very short supply, and the chitin bow favored by the Ashlanders is laminated bone-shell-and resin. - Garothmuk gro-Muzgub